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Wood Betony
Pedicularis canadensis
Other Names: Betony, Canadian Lousewort, Common
Lousewort, Lousewort, Wood Betony, American Lousewort |
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Habitat
Perennial herb,
native to eastern North America from Nova Scotia to Manitoba, south to northern Mexico and
east to Florida. Growing in moist open woods, thickets, along roadsides and clearings.
Cultivation: Wood Betony is a member of the figwort family (Scrophulariaceae), difficult
to cultivate, some reports say that it is a semi- parisic plant. It requires a moist
well-drained soil and a partially shaded to sunny area. A low growing hairy plant 5 to 14
inches tall with up to five erect unbranched stems in a clump. A broad whorl of tubular,
hooded flowers tops each stem, 10-20 flowers form a cluster. Flowers are about an inch
long, may be pale yellow, yellow, red, or even a mixture of the two. Leaves are soft and
hairy, alternate, mostly basal, and from 3 to 5 inches long. Leaf blades are fern-like and
pinnately dissected, often tinted red. Upper leaves are about an inch long. Gather entire
plant, as flowers bloom, dry for later herb use. |
Properties: Wood Betony is a medicinal and edible
herb. It was much used by Native Americans and prized for it’s medicinal and
aphrodisiac qualities. Leaves and stems are cooked as pot herb. The active constituents in
the plant are betaine, betulinic-acid, caffeic-acid, chlorogenic-acid, harpagide,
rosmarinic-acid, and tannin. As an alternative medicine it is an emmenagogue , anodyne,
anti-tumor, aphrodisiac, blood tonic, cardiac, poultice, stomachic. A medicinal infusion
of the roots is used as blood tonic, cardiac for anemia and heart troubles and to treat
stomach aches, ulcers, and bloody diarrhea. A medicinal poultice of the crushed root is
applied to swellings, sore muscles, varicose veins, and tumors. The roots are finely
grated and added to food as an aphrodisiac. A medicinal infusion of the fresh leaves or dried herb has been used to treat a
sore throat, tonsillitis, cough and bronchitis. Infusion also used to treat headaches,
dizziness, urinary, bladder and kidney pain. Wash or dip in a strong decoction is used to
rid animals and people of lice and scabies.
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Folklore
Indian Love Medicine, the root was carried by a
person who was contemplating making love advances. One tribe chopped the root and added it
to feed to make a pony fat and vicious to all but its owner. Early Europeans believed that
cattle, feeding on lousewort, became covered with lice.
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Recipe
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| "Medicinal" tea: To 1 cup water add 1 tbls. dried herb, bring
to boil, steep 10 min. strain, sweeten to taste, drink warm at bed time. |
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Article by Deb Jackson & Karen
Bergeron |
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